{"id":457,"date":"2024-12-23T09:04:06","date_gmt":"2024-12-23T01:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hgcpi.com\/?p=457"},"modified":"2025-10-22T16:35:58","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T08:35:58","slug":"%e5%92%8c%e5%85%89%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91%ef%bd%9c%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b9%8b%e7%88%b1%ef%bc%8c%e8%87%aa%e6%88%91%e5%90%8c%e6%83%85%e5%92%8c%e5%86%85%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e4%be%9d%e6%81%8b%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.hgcpi.com\/?p=457","title":{"rendered":"\u548c\u5149\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff5c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u540c\u60c5\u548c\u5185\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u604b\u7684\u6210\u957f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u8096\uff08Daniel Shaw C.S.W.\uff09\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u5218\u743c\uff08\u548c\u5149\u9ad8\u9636\u5173\u7cfb\u82f1\u6587\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u4e24\u5e74\uff09\u5b66\u5458\uff09\u5ba1\u6821\uff1a\u9f99\u6653\u51e4\uff08\u548c\u5149\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\uff0c\u9ad8\u9636\u5173\u7cfb\u82f1\u6587\u9879\u76ee\uff08\u4e24\u5e74\uff09\u5b66\u5458\uff09<\/p>\n

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Daniel Shaw\u7ebd\u7ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7684\u6559\u5458\u548c\u4e3b\u7ba1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u79c1\u4eba\u6267\u4e1a\u3002
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\n\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u201c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u59cb\u4e8e\u6851\u591a\u5c14\u00b7\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\uff08S\u00e1ndor Ferenczi\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u67d4\u60c5\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u604b\u7684\u751f\u7406\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u7236\u6bcd\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bf1\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u5386\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4f55\u662f\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u906d\u53d7\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u5267\u70c8\u4e14\u591a\u6837\u7684\u75db\u82e6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75db\u82e6\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5230\u6210\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5bf9\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u76f8\u5173\u75c7\u72b6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0e\u5982\u4eca\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u6027\u521b\u4f24\u540e\u5e94\u6fc0\u969c\u788d\uff08Complex-PTSD\uff09\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e14\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e\u89e3\u79bb\u6027\u969c\u788d\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u89e3\u79bb\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\u969c\u788d\uff0cDID\uff09\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u503e\u542c\u548c\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5973\u6027\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u76f8\u4fe1\u5979\u4eec\u6240\u8bb2\u8ff0\u7684\u5728\u7236\u6bcd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u906d\u53d7\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c24\u5176\u76f8\u4fe1\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ed6\u542c\u5230\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u7236\u5973\u4e71\u4f26\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u76ee\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u5bf9\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5bf9\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u672c\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u800c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7834\u88c2\u5173\u7cfb\u672a\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u8005\u58f0\u79f0\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5728\u5176\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\u65e5\u6e10\u7cbe\u795e\u5931\u5e38\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u5df4\u6797\u7279\uff08Michael Balint\uff09\u5c06\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u4e0e\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5708\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u5927\u5206\u88c2\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u521b\u4f24\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u65e9\u671f\u5bf9\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u96c5\u5185\uff08Pierre Janet\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u6291\u5236\u4e86\u5bf9\u89e3\u79bb\u73b0\u8c61\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u63a2\u7d22\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u540d\u8a89\u53d7\u635f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u5bf9\u521b\u4f24\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5bd2\u610f\u3002\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6ce2\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u6731\u8fea\u65af\u00b7\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\uff08Judith Herman\uff09\u548c\u8d1d\u585e\u5c14\u00b7\u8303\u5fb7\u8003\u514b\uff08Bessel van der Kolk\uff09\u5728\u521b\u4f24\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u300a\u4e34\u5e8a\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u548c\u5e94\u6709\u5730\u4f4d\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6062\u590d\u3002
\n\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u6240\u76f8\u4fe1\u7684\u5973\u6027\u6545\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u8bb2\u8ff0\u8005\u662f\u514b\u62c9\u62c9\u00b7\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\uff08Clara Thompson\uff09\uff0c\u5979\u4e0eH. S. \u6c99\u5229\u6587\uff08H. S. Sullivan\uff09\u3001\u57c3\u745e\u514b\u00b7\u5f17\u6d1b\u59c6\uff08Erich Fromm\uff09\u8054\u5408\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u6000\u7279\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u4eba\u9645\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5bb6\u56ed\u30021950\u5e74\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5979\u4e0e\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u675f\uff08\u5728\u4ed6\u53bb\u4e16\u524d\u4e0d\u4e45\uff09\u5df2\u6709\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u58f0\u8a89\u4ecd\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\u6027\u4e66\u5199\u3002\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74\u521b\u4f24\u53f2\uff0c\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u66fe\u6566\u4fc3\u5979\u53bb\u627e\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u505a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5979\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u5728\u5e03\u8fbe\u4f69\u65af\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u6570\u5e74\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8d39\u4f26\u9f501933\u5e74\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u6bd4\u5229\u00b7\u5e03\u4f26\u5357\uff08Billy Brennan\uff09\u548c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u9c81\u5fb7\u5c3c\u65af\u57fa\uff08Peter Rudnystsky\uff09\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u4e0e\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5979\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5468\u56f4\u7f8e\u56fd\u75c5\u4eba\u5708\u5b50\u6210\u5458\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u5979\u7279\u522b\u6279\u8bc4\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u6700\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u585e\u5f17\u6069\uff08Elizabeth Severn\uff09\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u4e0e\u5979\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u4e92\u76f8\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u57281950\u5e74\u5199\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u65e2\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5979\u5bf9\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5979\u5bf9\u585e\u5f17\u6069\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u66fe\u79f0\u585e\u5f17\u6069\u662f\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u201c\u90aa\u6076\u5929\u624d\u201d\uff1a
\n\u201c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5bf9\u4e8e\u795e\u7ecf\u75c7\u6027\u7684\u7231\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4ed6\u5047\u8bbe\u75c5\u4eba\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u751f\u75c5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u7231\u548c\u63a5\u7eb3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6210\u5e74\u795e\u7ecf\u75c7\u75c5\u4eba\u5bf9\u7231\u7684\u6e34\u6c42\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u672a\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u75c7\u6027\u7684\u7231\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u6765\u63a9\u76d6\u654c\u610f\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u6743\u529b\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u7231\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u6301\u7eed\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u7231\u53ef\u5f97\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u75c5\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u63a5\u53d7\u7231\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u5df2\u7ecf\u5982\u6b64\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5f53\u6709\u7231\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4ed6\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e0\u6cd5\u52a0\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u6c38\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u2026\u2026\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u2026\u2026\u5f88\u5feb\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u4e88\u75c5\u4eba\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7231\u3002\u201d\uff08\u7b2c186-187\u9875\uff09
\n\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u5f53\u65f6\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u300a\u4e34\u5e8a\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u82f1\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u8bb0\u7531\u5df4\u6797\u7279\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u76f4\u523080\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u624d\u9996\u6b21\u4ee5\u6cd5\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5979\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u585e\u5f17\u6069\u7684\u4e66\u300a\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u300b\uff08The Discovery of the Self\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u585e\u5f17\u6069\u9690\u6666\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5979\u4e0e\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e24\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5979\u5bf9\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u6709\u6240\u7f13\u548c\u3002\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u300a\u4e34\u5e8a\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5728\u300a\u65e5\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u4e0d\u80fd\u6309\u9700\u5236\u9020\u3002\u9664\u975e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u6709\u52c7\u6c14\u9762\u5bf9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u3001\u89e3\u79bb\u6389\u7684\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u618e\u6068\u548c\u6050\u60e7\uff08Aron & Harris, 1993; Rachman, 2018; Severn & Rudnystky, 2017\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u865a\u4f2a\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u6001\u5ea6\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6d3b\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cbb\u7597\u505c\u6ede\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u585e\u5f17\u6069\u5efa\u8bae\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u76f8\u5206\u6790\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u5199\u9053\uff1a
\n\u6211\u6700\u7ec8\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6309\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u613f\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c3d\u5176\u6240\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u4ec1\u6148\u548c\u653e\u677e\uff0c\u4f46\u7ec8\u6709\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4eb2\u624b\u91cd\u6f14\u66fe\u7ecf\u5bf9\u75c5\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6740\u622e\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\uff08\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50 & \u675c\u90a6\u7279, 1988\uff0c\u7b2c52\u9875\uff09\u2019\u201d
\n\u9664\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5bf9\u79fb\u60c5\u6d3b\u73b0\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8001\u7ec3\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u8fd8\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u7ed9\u4e88\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6df1\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u5206\u6790\u53cc\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff1b\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8db3\u591f\u771f\u8bda\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u5f15\u53d1\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u618e\u6068\u3001\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u5e78\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u548c\u75c5\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u9010\u6e10\u5bf9\u5f7c\u6b64\u771f\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u3002
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\n\u6211\u8fd8\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u5230\u6211\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u75c5\u4eba\u56e0\u6ca1\u6709\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u88ab\u7231\u800c\u6323\u624e\u3002\u8d39\u5c14\u8d1d\u6069\uff08Fairbairn\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u5de5\u4f5c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6211\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u548c\u4f0a\u6069\u00b7\u8428\u8482\uff08Ian Suttie\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u572820\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u8428\u8482\u5f88\u652f\u6301\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8d39\u5c14\u8d1d\u6069\u5199\u9053\uff1a
\n\u2018\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662f\u83b7\u5f97\u786e\u51ff\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff1a\uff08a\uff09\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u7231\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\uff08b\uff09\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4ed6\u7684\u7231\u2026\u2026\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u88ab\u7231\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u7231\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e34\u671b\u906d\u9047\u7684\u632b\u6298\uff0c\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u6700\u5927\u521b\u4f24\u3002\u2019\uff08\u8d39\u5c14\u8d1d\u6069\uff0c1952\uff0c\u7b2c39\u9875\uff09
\n\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u79f0\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u4e3a\u2018\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u2019\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u81ea\u6740\u503e\u5411\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u548c\u7ae5\u5e74\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6211\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u611f\u5230\u6781\u5ea6\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u804c\u4e1a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u662f\u5426\u6709\u54ea\u4f4d\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u5728\u7ae5\u5e74\u65f6\u4e0d\u66fe\u8bd5\u56fe\u5b89\u6170\u3001\u8fc1\u5c31\u6216\u52aa\u529b\u7a33\u5b9a\u60c5\u7eea\u4f4e\u843d\u3001\u5931\u63a7\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\uff1f\u8eab\u4e3a\u5b69\u5b50\u5145\u5f53\u7167\u6599\u8005\uff0c\u957f\u5927\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u6d3b\u73b0\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u91cd\u590d\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u79cd\u5347\u534e\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u89e3\u79bb\u6389\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u60f3\u8ba9\u6291\u90c1\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u7236\u6bcd\u63a5\u53d7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7231\uff0c\u5e76\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7231\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4f1a\u5e76\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u88ab\u9a71\u4f7f\u53bb\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u5feb\u4e50\u3002\u8def.\u963f\u9686(Lew Aron)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eb2\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u4f9d\u604b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u517c\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u5409\u5b89\u5c3c \u963f\u5229\u5965\u8482\uff08Gianni Liotti\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u63a7\u5236\u578b\u7167\u987e\u8005\u7b56\u7565\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u88ab\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b66\u4f1a\u6df1\u523b\u611f\u77e5\u7236\u6bcd\u9700\u6c42\u5e76\u538b\u6291\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u91c7\u7528\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f25\u8865\u7236\u6bcd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u604b\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002
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\n\u5bf9\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e0e\u63a5\u53d7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u975e\u5e38\u5fae\u5999\uff0c\u800c\u5173\u7cfb\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u5bb6\u5bf9\u76f8\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u5f3a\u8c03\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6770\u897f\u5361\u00b7\u672c\u6770\u660e\uff08Jessica Benjamin\uff09\u3001\u5510\u5a1c\u00b7\u5965\u5170\u6cbb\uff08Donna Orange\uff09\u548c\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u59c6\u00b7\u65af\u83b1\u6587\uff08Malcolm Slavin\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5965\u5170\u6cbb\u6700\u521d\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u5c06\u76f8\u4e92\u627f\u8ba4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cbb\u7597\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5979\u53cb\u597d\u5730\u3001\u4ee5\u6bd4\u901a\u5e38\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u4e89\u8bba\u4e2d\u66f4\u4e3a\u8c26\u900a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u5979\u6279\u8bc4\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u5171\u8bc6\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c06\u6cbb\u7597\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u8def.\u963f\u9686\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u975e\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u6709\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u4f9d\u604b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u5728\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e3b\u4f53\u95f4\u6027\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u56e0\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u5bfb\u6c42\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u75c5\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\u53bb\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u4e4b\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u6cbb\u7597\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u6211\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7684\u8fd8\u8981\u591a\uff0c\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u75c5\u4eba\u8d70\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4fe1\u4efb\u5e76\u4f9d\u8d56\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5bb3\u6015\u88ab\u541e\u566c\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u7f9e\u8fb1\u6216\u5229\u7528\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u5173\u5fc3\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u538b\u5236\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u2014\u2014\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u5355\u65b9\u9762\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u754c\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u6536\u8d39\u624d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u4e88\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u7ef4\u6301\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u7ed9\u4e88\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u662f\u4e92\u60e0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f7f\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u75c5\u4eba\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d70\u51fa\u54a8\u8be2\u5ba4\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7231\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5171\u540c\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u76f8\u4e92\u7ed9\u4e88\u548c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002
\n\u5f53\u6211\u53cd\u590d\u601d\u8003\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9010\u6e10\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u8d39\u4f26\u9f50\u6240\u89c1\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u80fd\u5fc5\u7136\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u3002\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u59cb\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fe1\u5ff5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u632b\u6298\u3001\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6028\u6068\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u76f8\u4e92\u6027\u548c\u4e3b\u4f53\u95f4\u8054\u7ed3\u7684\u8270\u96be\u4e14\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed3\u51fa\u679c\u5b9e\u65f6\uff0c\u7231\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u624d\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548c\u5149\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff5c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u540c\u60c5\u548c\u5185\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u604b\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff08\u4e2d\uff09<\/h4>\n

\u4e34\u5e8a\u6848\u4f8b
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\n\u63a5\u7740\u4e00\u7247\u5bc2\u9759\u3002\u7136\u540e\u827e\u4f26\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u628a\u4f60\u53d8\u6210\u6211\u7236\u4eb2\u4e86\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e2a\u4ece\u4e0d\u5728\u573a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u3002
\n\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u611f\u77ac\u95f4\u4ece\u6211\u8eab\u4f53\u91cc\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u827e\u4f26\u7684\u773c\u775b\u6e7f\u6da6\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u8c08\u4ed6\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u771f\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u827e\u4f26\u8868\u9732\u51fa\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7236\u4eb2\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u3002
\n\u827e\u4f26\u548c\u6211\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u62b1\u6028\u6211\u7ed9\u4e88\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4e5f\u62b1\u6028\u4ed6\u7ed9\u4e88\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u4fe9\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u6211\u91cd\u65b0\u71c3\u8d77\u4e86\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u800c\u827e\u4f26\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u4ed8\u51fa\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u5730\u8fce\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u60f3\u8ba9\u6211\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u6539\u53d8\u548c\u6210\u957f\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002\u827e\u4f26\u8ba9\u6211\u611f\u52a8\u548c\u89e6\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u5171\u60c5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6211\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u56de\u5e94\u4ed6\u3002\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e6\u52a8\u4e86\u827e\u4f26\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u7741\u5f00\u53cc\u773c\u3001\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5168\u9762\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u6211\u548c\u827e\u4f26\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f7c\u6b64\u7ed9\u4e88\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u827e\u4f26\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u8981\u7ed9\u4e88\u6211\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53d8\u5f97\u76f8\u4fe1\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f97\u5230\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u6211\u6240\u7ed9\u4e88\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u56de\u9988\u3002
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\n\u4e54\u8fea\u00b7\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\uff08Jody Davies\uff09\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u53cd\u601d\u4e86\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u4e00\u4f4d\u6700\u521d\u6e6e\u6ca1\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u9700\u6c42\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u82db\u523b\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u8270\u96be\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u548c\u5979\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u523b\u3001\u6ecb\u517b\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u5979\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u75c5\u4eba\u4ece\u672a\u62e5\u6709\u53c8\u4e0d\u987e\u4e00\u5207\u5730\u6267\u7740\u6e34\u671b\u7684\u6148\u7231\u6bcd\u4eb2\u3002\u4f46\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u548c\u5979\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u901a\u8fc7\u60f3\u8c61\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\u90a3\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e30\u5bcc\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u521b\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u88ab\u7231\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\u5145\u6ee1\u7231\u3001\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4f9d\u9760\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u3002\u201d
\n\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u6b23\u8d4f\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u7981\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u5947\u3001\u5e7b\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5e08\/\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u5185\u5316\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u591a\u4e45\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5185\u5316\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8db3\u591f\u597d\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u62e5\u6709\u9b54\u529b\u822c\u7684\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e7b\u60f3\u80fd\u5426\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u6210\u529f\u5e73\u606f\u548c\u5b89\u629a\u75c5\u4eba\u5168\u90e8\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u957f\u671f\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u88ab\u586b\u6ee1\u81ea\u6211\u6000\u7591\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u538c\u6076\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8d23\u5907\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u8511\u89c6\uff1f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6765\u8bf4\u2014\u2014\u6bcf\u4f4d\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u90fd\u80fd\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4f4d\u75c5\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f53\u9a8c\u5417\uff1f\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u7279\u522b\u806a\u660e\u4e14\u5bcc\u6709\u9b45\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u8d28\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u5462\uff1f\u5766\u767d\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u75c5\u4eba\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u5bb9\u6613\u53bb\u7231\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u6295\u5165\u5730\u53bb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7231\u4ed6\u4eec\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u75ab\u60c5\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u75c5\u4eba\u662f\u53cd\u75ab\u82d7\u7684\u6f6e\u4eba\uff0c\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u9634\u8c0b\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u90aa\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u53cb\u3002\u6211\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8054\u7ed3\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u8001\u5b9e\u8bf4\uff0c\u75ab\u60c5\u540e\u6211\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u653e\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff0c\u6211\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u79cd\u75ab\u82d7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u901a\u8fc7Zoom\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u6211\u611f\u5230\u6709\u4e9b\u5982\u91ca\u91cd\u8d1f\u3002\u201d
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\n\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\uff08Shaw, 2023\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8ddf\u968f\u83f2\u5229\u666e\u00b7\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Philip Bromberg\uff09\u4e03\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u56e2\u4f53\u7763\u5bfc\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5982\u4f55\u542f\u53d1\u4e86\u6211\u5bf9\u521b\u4f24\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u827e\u4f26\u00b7\u8096\u5c14\uff08Alan Schore\uff09\u3001\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u590f\u00b7\u5965\u683c\u767b\uff08Patricia Ogden\uff09\u3001\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u8c22\u83f2\u8328\uff08Richard Chefetz\uff09\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u521b\u4f24\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u6211\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5bb6\u5ead\u7cfb\u7edf\u7406\u8bba\uff08\u65bd\u74e6\u8328\uff09\uff08Schwartz\uff09\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u89e3\u79bb\u7406\u8bba\uff08van der Hart\u7b49\u4eba\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u81ea\u4f53\u72b6\u6001\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7ec6\u5316\u4e3a\u2018\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u2019\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u611f\u5b98\u8fd0\u52a8\u5fc3\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\uff08Sensorimotor Psychotherapy\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u8d44\u6df1\u521b\u4f24\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u73cd\u59ae\u5a1c\u00b7\u8d39\u820d\u5c14\uff08Janina Fisher\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u7ebf\uff0c\u6211\u4ece\u5979\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5e03\u9686\u4f2f\u683c\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u4f53\u7684\u788e\u7247\u5316\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u5f7c\u6b64\u95f4\u4ee5\u89e3\u79bb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u90a3\u4e9b\u906d\u53d7\u5173\u7cfb\u6027\u521b\u4f24\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\uff08\u5373\u5927\u591a\u6570\u75c5\u4eba\uff09\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u5185\u90e8\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u521b\u4f24\u7406\u8bba\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u90e8\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u627f\u8f7d\u521b\u4f24\u6027\u7834\u788e\u3001\u8106\u5f31\u3001\u65e0\u529b\u3001\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u7f9e\u803b\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u8106\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\/\u8feb\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6211\u6700\u65e9\u901a\u8fc7\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Elizabeth Howell\uff09\u548c\u8363\u683c\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5361\u5c14\u8c22\u5fb7\uff08Donald Kalsched\uff09\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u8d39\u820d\u5c14\u548c\u65bd\u74e6\u8328\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8303\u5fb7\u54c8\u7279\uff08van der Hart\uff09\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u89e3\u79bb\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8106\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u4e0e\u6050\u60e7\u3001\u7f9e\u803b\u548c\u4f9d\u604b\u521b\u4f24\u6709\u5173\uff1b\u800c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8106\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u2018\u6218\u6597\u6216\u9003\u8dd1\u2019\u9632\u5fa1\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3001\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u5bf9\u8bdd\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6218\u6597\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u907f\u514d\u98ce\u9669\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\/\u8feb\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u2014\u2014\u90a3\u4e9b\u75c5\u4eba\u5bf9\u5f85\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u7f9e\u8fb1\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u8d2c\u4f4e\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6000\u7591\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u5931\u8d25\u4e2d\u5bfb\u6c42\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5192\u7740\u91cd\u590d\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u53bb\u611f\u53d7\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u5b89\u5a1c\u00b7\u5965\u6069\u65af\u5766\uff08Anna Ornstein\uff09\u65e9\u5728\u5f88\u4e45\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u2018\u91cd\u590d\u6050\u60e7\u2019\u2014\u2014\u5373\u56e0\u5bb3\u6015\u518d\u6b21\u521b\u4f24\u800c\u56de\u907f\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u6851\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u6bd4\u6b47\u52d2\uff08Sandra Buechler\uff09\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7b80\u660e\u627c\u8981\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u521b\u4f24\u75c5\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e24\u8005\u4e0d\u80fd\u517c\u5f97\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u60f3\u8981\u6d3b\u5f97\u6709\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6050\u60e7\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u4e4b\u9000\u7f29\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\/\u8feb\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u80fd\u5730\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8106\u5f31\u548c\u7f9e\u803b\u7684\u521b\u4f24\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u7acb\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u521b\u4f24\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u65e0\u529b\u611f\uff0c\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\/\u8feb\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u7528\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8c34\u8d23\u538b\u5236\u4e86\u611f\u53d7\u751f\u547d\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u8106\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u6240\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u7f9e\u803b\u548c\u6050\u60e7\u3002
\n\u6211\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u73cd\u59ae\u5a1c\u00b7\u8d39\u820d\u5c14\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u81ea\u6211\u5f02\u5316\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u2014\u2014\u5373\u9488\u5bf9\u81ea\u4f53\u5411\u524d\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u5185\u5728\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u8511\u89c6\u548c\u62d2\u7edd\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u770b\u4f3c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6cae\u4e27\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u75c5\u4eba\u8bf4\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u82db\u8d23\u6216\u8005\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u591a\u8ba8\u538c\u81ea\u5df1\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4f4d\u75c5\u4eba\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u2018\u5185\u5fc3\u5728\u7528\u5200\u5272\u81ea\u5df1\u2019\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u5982\u4f55\u8feb\u5bb3\u8106\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5f53\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u8bd5\u56fe\u53cd\u9a73\u75c5\u4eba\u660e\u663e\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u538c\u6076\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u90e8\u5206\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5f3a\u70c8\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u6211\u538c\u6076\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u3002
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\u548c\u5149\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff5c\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u7231\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u540c\u60c5\u548c\u5185\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u4f9d\u604b\u7684\u6210\u957f\uff08\u4e0b\uff09<\/h4>\n

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